Red kidney beans are a versatile legume used in dishes from chili to red beans and rice. The small, kidney-shaped beans pack a strong nutritional punch. Kidney bean plants require little maintenance other than proper planting and sunlight. Protect the plants from freezing and watch the pods closely for signs to harvest.
Planting
Wait until the risk of frost has passed and the ground has thawed enough to be workable before planting red kidney beans. The plants like full sun, so select an area that receives a minimum of six full hours of sunlight every day. Plant the beans 1 to 2 inches below the surface, spacing each plant about 4 inches apart. Water the plants regularly, making sure to keep the ground moist without allowing water to pool. Provide tall stakes or trellis structures where the plants can climb to support them while they grow.
Harvesting
Wait for the pods to dry completely before you harvest the beans. The beans become hard inside the pod when the plants are ready for harvest. If rainy season becomes a problem before the plants dry out, move them indoors to complete the production season. The pods become a hay-brown color when the beans are ready.
Risks
Raw red kidney beans contain a high level of lectin, a toxin that can cause illness. It takes only four or five raw beans to cause symptoms. Within one to three hours of consuming raw or undercooked kidney beans, you may experience serious digestive system upset including diarrhea, vomiting and stomach pain. Illness subsides after three to four hours. Consult a doctor if you believe you are suffering from red kidney bean poisoning.
Nutrition Benefits
Red kidney beans are high in fiber, which helps lower cholesterol and stabilize blood sugar. As a rich source of iron, they are good for sustained energy. The beans are a great meat substitute due to the high protein content. One cup of red kidney beans provides close to 30 percent of your daily requirement for protein. The vitamin B1 content offered in kidney beans protects your memory and helps defend against Alzheimer's disease.
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